Apparatus



(No Model.)

. W. F. SINGER. GAR REFRIGBRATING APPARATUS.

- 4 N0. 577,327. Patnted Feb. 1 6, 1.897.

,Lm w \R v l 3j UNITED STATES WILLIAM F. SINGER,

PATENT OEEICE.

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CAR-REFRIGERATING APPARATUS. L

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 577,327, dated February16, 1897.

Appiicaion nea October 7,1895.

To all whom, t may concern.-

Beit known that I, WILLIAM F. SINGER, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York city', in the county of New York and 'State of NewYork, have invented certain new v ters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in carrefrigeration; and it has for its object the production and maintenanceof a low degree of temperature within a car bythe use of a pump or pumpswhich are provided with a pivoted and balanced. weighted lever adaptedto be oscillated by the up-and-down or jolting movements of the car inits transit, the said pump or pumps serving to exhaust the air fromhermeticallysealed tanks or chambers located within .the

c .car and containing volatile hydrocarbons or other liquids orchemicals, the expansion of which into vapor resulting in production ofcold Within the body of the car, as will be readily understood by.thoseskilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

To this end and to such others as the iuvention may pertain theinvention residesin the peculiar constructions and in the novelcombination, arrangement, and adaptation of parts, all as Inore fullyhereinafter described, shown in the accompanying drawings, and thenspecifically defined in the appended claim.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, which,with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of thisspecification, like letters of reference indicating the same partsthroughout the several views, and in which drawings- Figure l is alongitudinal vertical section of a railway-car provided with myrefrigerating apparatus. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of thecar near one of its ends; and Fig. 3 is an enlarged view, in side eleva-Seral No. 564,928. (No model.)

tion, of the pumping mechanism, parts being shown in section.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by letter, Adesignates a rail- Way refrigerator-car provided at its ends with myrefrigerating apparatus, and although I have shown the apparatus in thepresent instance as applied to both ends of the car and in practiceprefer this construction or disposition of the apparatus as tending toproduce the best results with the greatest possible economy in space,still it is at once evident that the apparatus may be placed in otherparts of the car if for any reason it should be desired, and it isequally evident that but a single pump or set of pumps may be employedif preferred, and as the apparatus which I have shown in the oppositeends of the car is in every respect similar a description of one willsuffice in this connection.

vB is a hermetically-sealed tank or chamber, preferably of sheet metal,located in the present instance at one end ofthe car. This tank isprovided with a suitable cover C, and directly above this cover a coverD is provided in the roof of the car for convenience in filling thetank.

Located beneath the tank B are two diaphragm-pumps E and F, one of thepumps being placed directly above the other, the upper pump E beinginverted, so that the diaphragms E' and F will be directly opposite, oneabove the other, and these diaphragms are at their centers connected bythe link G, which link is at or about its longitudinal center providedwith an enlarged portion G', having formed therein a transverse openingG2, which opening is of the least diameter at its longitudinal centerand from this central point enlarged outwardly, as shown.

H is a lever which at a point between its ends is pivoted to a xedpoint. One end of the lever is inserted Within the opening G2 in thelink G, and the opposite or'free end of the lever is provided with asuitable weight H', while the said lever near its Weighted end isattached to a Wirewhich connects two spiral springs I I, saidconnecting-wire being passed over a suitable pulley, as shown clearly inFig. 2 of the drawings, the wire serving to ICO maintain a nice balanceof the weight and render it sensitive, so as to cause it to readilyrespond to slight movements of the car, as will be readily understood.

J is a pipe which connects both of the pumps with the upper portions ofthe chamber or tank B, and K is a metallic hermeticallysealed chamber,through which the air or vapors drawn by the pumps from the tank orchamber is conveyed by means of the connecting-pipe L, the same beingdischarged through a suitable outlet-pipe M through the bottom of thecar.

The operation of the device will be readily understood in connectionwith the foregoing description. The tank or tanks B are partially filledwith volatile hydrocarbons or other liquids or chemicals adapted to thepur pose. The jolting movements of the car will serve to cause theweighted end of the lever II to be thrown up and down, thus operatingthe pumps and exhausting the air from the tanks or chambers B andproducing partial vacuums therein. The liquids Within the said tanksbeing thus relieved of pressure will at once vaporize and the vapor willbe removed by the action of the pumps. As will be readily understood,this vaporizing or' eX- pansion of the hydrocarbons or other chemicalswithin the tank will, in increasing' its volume, produce a low degree oftemperature, which will be imparted to the interior of the car and serveto effectually cool the same. It will also be understood that if for anyreason the car should remain idle or side-tracked for any unusual lengthof time the pumps may be operated by hand power.

In order to prevent the water or other liquid from slopping and toprevent the possibility of its entering the outlet-pipe leading to thepump, I provide two horizontally-disposed partltions N and N', one abovethe other, with the lower partition at a point di rectly above thesurface of the liquid in the tank. These partitions N and N are bothprovided with perforations throughout their entire surfaces, theperforations in the upper partition alternating with those in the lowerpartition, as shown, thus preventing the water from passing above theupper partition, as such liquid as may pass through the lower partitionwould contact with the surface of the upper one.

I am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to actuate a pump by thejolting move ments of a car in transit, but it has heretofore beenproposed to connect the pump incohanism within the car with thecar-truck, and I am not aware that it has heretofore been proposed toutilize the movements of the carbody to operate a pump by anyconstruction wherein the pump and its actuating mechanism has beencontained entirely within the body of the car.

In a car-refrigeratin g apparatus of the character described, thecombination with the carbody of a hermetically-sealed tank within thecar, two diaphragm-pumps also within the car one of the pumps beinginverted and the diaphragms of the pumps being connected as described, alever having one of its ends in

